The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012, aims to protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation. Bail in POCSO cases is a complex issue, balancing the accused’s right to liberty with the need to ensure justice for the child victim.
Key Provisions:
- Section 437-A of CrPC: Special provisions for bail in POCSO cases.
- Section 29 of POCSO Act: No bail if the accused is convicted of a serious offence.
- Section 30 of POCSO Act: Bail may be granted if the accused is under 18 years old.
Eligibility Criteria for POCSO Bail:
- Nature and severity of the offence
- Accused’s criminal history
- Potential threat to the child victim or witnesses
- Flight risk
Factors Considered by Courts:
- Gravity of the offence
- Age and vulnerability of the child victim
- Accused’s reputation and community ties
- Potential harm to the child victim or society
POCSO Bail Conditions:
- Surety: Accused must provide a guarantor.
- Bond: Accused must deposit a specified amount.
- Restrictions: Accused may face travel or communication restrictions.
- No contact with the child victim or witnesses
Cancellation of POCSO Bail:
- Non-compliance with conditions
- Absconding
- Tampering with evidence
- Threatening or intimidating the child victim or witnesses
Landmark Judgments:
- Rajesh vs. State of Haryana (2019): Supreme Court clarified that bail in POCSO cases should be granted cautiously.
- Narendran vs. State of Tamil Nadu (2018): Madras High Court held that bail can be granted if the accused is under 18 years old.
Conclusion:
POCSO bail in India is a delicate balance between protecting child victims and ensuring the accused’s right to a fair trial. Courts consider various factors before granting bail, and cancellation can occur if conditions are violated.